In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the steroidogenesis’s potential participation (StAr, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD17B3, and CYP19A1) and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGCα and SIRT) related genes in the induction of testicular damage in T2DM. The gene discussed is CYP17A1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.