Interestingly, the PD-L1 expression in NSCLC tissues was similar between HIV- and non-HIV-infected patients, but this biomarker was associated with poor prognosis particularly in patients with HIV infection, suggesting a more potent systemic immune suppression through the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in NSCLC patients with HIV than in those not infected [72]. Here, CD274 is linked to HIV infectious disease.