Anti-apoptotic effects of urolithin-A are also in agreement with the finding that urolithin-A improved chemically induced colitis by activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf 2) dependent intestinal epithelial barrier functions and aryl-hydrocarbon receptor induced anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative cellular pathways [44]. The gene discussed is AHR; the disease is colitis.