This mouse model was developed in 2000 by Reilly et al. and it is the first astrocytoma mouse model that was generated by knocking-down neurofibromin 1 (Nf1) and tumor protein p53 in mice which then spontaneously developed brain tumors with variable histology from low grade astrocytoma to GBM [29]. Here, NF1 is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).