This protective role of butyrate was confirmed in experimental T1D rats, showing a higher acetylation rate of H3, H4, and a downregulated expression of Pancreatic HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 proteins known to be involved in the pathogenesis of T1D by HDACi function [212,213,214]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.