Recent comparative multi-omics analysis in individuals with T1D and healthy subjects revealed an association between the dysbiotic gut microbiota and the modulation of expression of different T1D related genes, linking the inhibitory effect of Prevotella copri, B. dorei, or B. vulgatus on the pancreatic exocrine enzymes such as α-amylase2 (AMY2A and AMY2B) genes and thiamine metabolism genes that are involved in T1D (Figure 1) [207]. Here, AMY2B is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.