Especially in preclinical animal models, which typically suffer from a much quicker drug clearance compared to humans [37] owing to their smaller body size, a long-acting Tα1 should lead to more convincing pharmacodynamic (PD) effects and pave the way for biopharmaceutical development for novel indications such as cystic fibrosis [18], HIV-1 infection [58], sepsis [20], or cancer [59]. The gene discussed is TAAR1; the disease is HIV-1 infection.