TNF and Stillbirth: Expression of MCP-1 and TNF-α is elevated in CMV-infected placentas from stillbirths: MCP-1 and TNF-α protein localized in syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells of chorionic villi in CMV-infected placentas and uninfected placentas from stillbirths [15].