A secondary aim was to determine whether addition of alternative CV measures (ie, aPWV and CIMT), inflammatory markers (ie, CRP and fibrinogen), COPD severity (ie, GOLD stage and Body mass index (BMI), airflow Obstruction, Dyspnoea and Exercise capacity (BODE) Index), as well as physical performance tests commonly used in COPD research (ie, 6MWT and 4 m gait speed (4MGS)) improved the predictive value of a CV risk model based on conventional CVD risk factors for CV risk prediction. Here, CRP is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.