ESR1 and neoplasm: In conclusion, we demonstrated that immune cells in addition to tumor cells express high levels of NRF2, and high NRF2 expression enriched inflammation- and immune-related gene sets and was associated with enhanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer, which may at least partly explain why high NRF2 expression was associated with better survival in that subtype.