Perhaps not too surprisingly, invadopodia has been found in many invasive cancer cell lines, such as breast, head, and neck and prostate cancers, as well as in fibrosarcoma and melanoma.[13] Related to these findings on invadopodia, is the report that LPP has been shown to be a key mediator in inducing the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.[18] However, there are currently no reports on LPP expression in PD. This evidence concerns the gene LPP and melanoma.