The findings of secreted cytokines confirmed the mRNA data: vitamin D suppressed IL-6- and CCL-2 secretion in IL1β-pretreated monocytes of T1D/AIT patients [IL-6IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 6x10-5, CCL-2 IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 2x10-4, IL-23AIL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 0.002], as well as of AD/AIT [IL-6IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 10-4, CCL-2IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 10-4, IL-23AIL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 9x10-4], and of HC [IL-6IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p < 10-7, CCL-2IL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p < 10-7, IL-23AIL1β vs IL1β/1,25(OH)2D3 p = 3x10-6]. Here, IL1B is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.