Recent investigations have established that, in RA, NETs promote pathogenic interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-producing T helper subtype 1 (Th1) cell immune responses by increasing secretion of dendritic cell costimulatory molecules cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80) and CD86, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 (Papadaki et al., 2016). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.