TRAF6 and COVID-19: showed that C-C motif (CC) chemokines [CC chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL24, CCL20, CCL13, and CCL3], C-X-C motif (CXC) chemokines [CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 2 and CXCL10], and chemokine receptor subfamilies, as well as IL-1β and its downstream inflammatory signaling molecules (IL1R1, MYD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NFKBIA, NFKB1, RELA) were dramatically elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls.