In the serum of covid-19 patients with bilateral pneumonia and ARDS, recent studies have identified higher expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, INF-y, IP-10, gm-CSF, TNFα, and MCP-1 (Johnson and Laloraya, 2020; Mehta et al., 2020; Ye et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.