CSF2 and congenital rubella syndrome: The activation causes a release of soluble inflammatory mediators, which includes cytokines, chemokines, and immune-effectors [15]. CRS is correlated with high levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), IL-6, IL-10, ferritin, and C-reactive protein [16].