Previous studies have shown that oncolytic adenovirus co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 led to the infiltration of NK cells into melanoma tumor tissues in murine models, while in another study, the efficacy of Sindbis-virus-based vectors against human ovarian carcinoma xenografts was found to be largely NK-cell-dependent and enhanced by IL-12 arming (Choi et al., 2011; Granot et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and neoplasm.