Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies showed that H2S mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis against oxidative stress and inflammation damage mediated by the NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) pathway [96], inhibiting the vicious cycle of NLRP3 inflammasome and oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells [97] and in hypertensive rats [98]. This evidence concerns the gene NOX4 and Sepsis.