In a double-blind pilot RCT of encapsulated FMT compared with placebo capsules for obesity-related biomarkers in participants with obesity but without metabolic syndrome, Allegretti et al found a significant between-group difference in area under the curve at week 12 for leptin compared with baseline (p = .001), but no significant change for other biomarkers of obesity.50 This evidence concerns the gene LEP and Obesity.