This assertion is supported by our findings (Randesi et al., 2018) that hippocampal tissues containing CA1 in CIS male rats, but not CIS female rats, have elevated CRF expression but reduced expression of genes important for opioid and neuroplasticity signaling [e.g., Akt1, cadherin-2 (Cdh2), neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (Ntrk2) and arrestin beta 1 (Arrb1)]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is in situ carcinoma.