Several phenotypes of EPCs (CD45dimCD34+, CD45dimCD34+CD133+, CD45dimCD34+CD133+VEGFR+,CD45dimCD34+CD133+Tei2+) have demonstrated additional prognostic information about mortality and HF-related admission regardless of serum levels of numerous biomarkers (NT-proBNP, galectin-3, hs-CRP, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin) and co-morbidities including diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity and chronic renal disease (150, 151). This evidence concerns the gene PROM1 and chronic kidney disease.