SQSTM1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In an in vitro study by Lien et al. (2013) found that SS (0.5, 6, and 12 dyn/cm2) increased autophagy which was evident from the acidic vesicular organelle formation, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3B) transformation and p62/SQSTM1 degradation in HCC cells.