In sharp contrast to HNSCC, STAT3 in cervical cancer was found aberrantly expressed and constitutively activated in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis (Shukla et al., 2010; Shukla et al., 2019) and the level of active STAT3 was found strongly correlated with the physical state of HPV genome in cervical precancer and cancer tissues (Shukla et al., 2019). Here, STAT3 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.