CD274 and cancer: Commonly used ICIs in these patients include the monoclonal antibodies: nivolumab (5–8), pembrolizumab (9–12), durvalumab (13), atezolizumab (14–16), and avelumab (17), which act by targeting immune checkpoints expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)— programmed-death 1 (PD-1)—or expressed by cancer and tumor infiltrating immune cells— programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) (18, 19).