According to the univariate survival analysis in the training cohort, male sex, a higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, a larger tumor size, a larger tumor margin, the presence of liver cirrhosis, and a higher GPR had statistically significant effects on DFS (P < 0.05, Figure 2A-left). The gene discussed is ALDH18A1; the disease is cirrhosis of liver.