TPI1 and breast carcinoma: TPI1 is abnormally expressed in different kinds of cancers, such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, and lymphoma and is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with neuroblastoma and pancreatic cancer through dysregulating glycometabolism (Ludvigsen et al., 2018; Applebaum et al., 2016; Follia et al., 2019).