Importantly, 25.8% (=197/763) CAD-associated genes (e.g., ACER2, ACSS2, ARHGEF19, and BBS10) and 60.7% (=503/827) CKD-associated genes (e.g., BAG6, BAK1, BTNL2, and C4BPB) are likely novel genes because those genes are not nearby (within 1 Mb upstream and downstream) any previous GWAS index SNPs or associated genes in terms of the GWAS catalog (McMahon et al., 2019). Here, ARHGEF19 is linked to chronic kidney disease.