Moreover, several hospitalized severe and critical COVID-19 patients exhibit high-levels of cytokines and chemokines such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, G-CSF, CCL2, CCL3, CXCL10, and TNFα that seems to be associated with lymphopenia and the cytokine storm (that could derive in shock, organ failure, and potential death), both observed in SARS and MERS severe cases, thus suggesting a significant role of these features in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 (11, 12). Here, TNF is linked to COVID-19.