Several systems vaccinology studies have been performed in humans to elucidate the immunogenicity of seasonal influenza vaccines from multidimensional levels in adults, identifying early IFN signatures at the transcriptome level (16) and inducing positive memory B cells through early activation of circulating memory T follicular helper cells(ICOS+CXCR3+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells, Tfh) (17), which contributed to a higher antibody response and long-lasting humoral immunity, respectively. Here, CXCR5 is linked to influenza.