CXCL8 and influenza: Chemokine CXCL 8/IL-8 may affect vaccination as a molecular adjuvant, and the trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) would influence the serum cytokine level, but the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) would not (63), which was supported by the suppression of cytokine response patterns in severe pandemic 2009 H1N1 among hospitalized adults (64).