CCL2 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: In addition to NF-κB activation, TNF-α also induces the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) which is reported to be elevated in NASH patients (Haukeland et al., 2006; Greco et al., 2008; Tosello-Trampont et al., 2012).