COX-2 is an inducible enzyme, which plays a critical role in several patho-physiological events including inflammation, atherosclerosis, tissue injury, angiogenesis and tumorigenesis, up-regulating different pathways such as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (Erk1/2) signaling (Xiao et al., 2011). The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is atherosclerosis.