PTGS2 and colitis: Our results showed that PL could inhibit the inflammation of DSS-induced mouse colitis and reduce the number of large neoplasms (diameter >2 mm) of AOM/DSS-induced mouse colorectal cancer by downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related factors, β-catenin, and snail expressions, but fail to improve the colitis symptoms and to decrease the incidence of colonic neoplasms and the number of small neoplasms (diameter <2 mm).