SHH and urinary bladder cancer: The SHH pathway is a critical signaling pathway in a variety of diseases, such as asthma, gastrointestinal system, preeclampsia, bladder cancer, and brain injury (Wang et al., 2008, 2019; Amankulor et al., 2009; Sims et al., 2009; Syed et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2017; Qi et al., 2018; Liao et al., 2019).