SNCA and Parkinson disease: Importantly, we used high molecular weight oligomeric α-synuclein conformers, confirmed by silver stain and western blot analyses, relevant to PD pathology, and necessary for microglial activation (Sharon et al., 2003; Tofaris et al., 2003; Roodveldt et al., 2010; Daniele et al., 2015; Hoenen et al., 2016).