CP and peripheral arterial disease: The results showed that, compared to PAD patients without CVEs, PAD patients with CVEs displayed lower plasma levels of apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I) (1.6-fold, p = 0.028), APOA-I/APOE ratio (1.7-fold, p = 0.025), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity (2.2-fold, p = 0.046) and higher levels of ceruloplasmin (CP) (1.5-fold, p = 0.002) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (2.4-fold, p = 0.022).