ADIPOQ and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: However, the study by Johannsen et al., which included 2,429 human subjects, demonstrated no association between visfatin levels and the presence or absence of NAFLD or the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration [24], whereas Qiu et al. reported that decreased circulating levels of visfatin and adiponectin were independently associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in 372 adults [25].