In symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis patients, the CSF CXCL13 concentrations were 133.5 pg/mL and 90.63 pg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than in non-neurosyphilis patients (10.01 pg/mL; P < 0.01; Figure 5). The gene discussed is CXCL13; the disease is neurosyphilis.