NPPB and chronic kidney disease: The low VTI group was older, had a lower systolic blood pressure and higher heart rate, and had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), higher levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatinine, urinary albumin creatinine ratio, and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG).