Over the past decade, the Drosha functional repertoire expanded significantly from pre-miRNA processing to a wide range of functions such as transcriptional activation and termination, post-transcriptional control of RNA stability, alternative splicing, protection against genotoxic stresses, expression of retrotransposons and viruses, cell differentiation and its aberrant expression is associated with multiple cancer types [62]. The gene discussed is DROSHA; the disease is cancer.