Furthermore, in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells OE33, OE19, BIC-1, and FLO, it was shown that leptin induces the transactivation of EGFR through heparin-bound epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) through the activity of MMPs, events that promote cell proliferation [199]. The gene discussed is TGFA; the disease is esophageal adenocarcinoma.