Additionally, to exclude any cases of monogenic diabetes, children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at a very young age were excluded and autoantibody-negative children with a first-degree relative affected by type 2 diabetes underwent NGS analysis of 44 genes potentially associated with monogenic diabetes, including seven MODY genes (GCK, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, INS, ABCC8, KCNJ11). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.