The 5 growth factor-related genes (LTα, TNFRSF12α, TNFRSF25, TNFRSF4, and IRF9) and BIRC5, PTX3, and PTN all play key roles in the occurrence and development of HNSCC mediated by the NF-κB pathway. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.