For glial cells at least one specific protein markers is present for each of the three types of glial cells; IBA1 (AIF1) for microglia, GFAP for astrocytes and MBP for oligodendrocytes (Figure 2A), indicating that all of them are still present in AD brain (Imai et al., 1996; Pekny and Pekna, 2004; Nawaz et al., 2013). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.