CD40 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: Interestingly, blocking either suPAR or αvβ3 integrin activation ameliorated podocyte injury in vitro (56), whereas co-administration of suPAR enhanced proteinuria in vivo (51, 56, 57), thus suggesting that anti-CD40 antibodies and suPAR may synergize in inducing αvβ3 integrin activation and FSGS lesions.