The essential role of FOXQ1-induced angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment in CRC is likely to be related to its ability to promote the migration of ECs and macrophages in the TME through activation of the EGF/PDGF pathway and the Twist1/CCL2 axis, respectively (Figure 8), thus supporting a dual role for FOXQ1 in promoting CRC progression. Here, EGF is linked to colorectal carcinoma.