PPI analysis indicated that the levels of the mRNAs encoding RBPJ, SKP1, CTNNB1, CDH2, SCG2, VGF, and TFF3 were significantly increased in PanNEN tumor tissues compared with the matched paratumor tissues and may be involved in the DNER signaling pathway in PanNENs (Supplementary Figure 3A). Here, VGF is linked to neoplasm.