Another MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), is involved in non-canonical type I IFN signaling in malignancy, where mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 (MAP3K8) and ERK phosphorylation were decreased upon IFNα treatment in bladder cancer cells (23). The gene discussed is MAP3K8; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.