In the present study, we observed a significant Th2 signature in keloids as well as increased cellular infiltrates associated with the Th2 microenvironment, such as tryptase+ mast cells (12, 49, 50), markers of dendritic cells characteristic to atopic dermatitis (AD) (OX40L+ and FCεR1+) (33, 47, 48), IL-4Rα+ cells, and periostin+ cells. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF4 and keloid.