CTRL and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The abnormal expression of GCK, IGFBP1, and PCK1, for example, can cause the occurrence of hyperglycemia (26–28); moreover, the abnormal expression of PNLIP in patients with T2DM has been reported to influence lipid uptake (31) and that of some protein hydrolase/metabolism-related genes (such as CPA1/2, CTRL, CTRB2, and CELA2A) has been reported to be associated with T2DM (21, 29).