GCG and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Recent studies have shown that SCFAs exerts anti-inflammatory and immune effects through the effects on Treg cell expansion/generation via SCFAs-GPCR or their HDAC-inhibiting ability.[22] Prebiotics can also improve intestinal barrier function and alleviate inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity by increasing gut hormone release, such as glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2), and by regulating endogenous cannabinoid systems.[13,23,24] In addition, Bomhof et al[25] through liver biopsy follow-up found that the overall NAS score decreased after taking prebiotics.