TLR4 and myocardial ischemia: Similarly, HSP60 was shown to exert cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects on animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (54), but HSP60 and TLR4 overexpression promote their interaction in hypertrophic myocardium, which may be a crucial event to permit harmful effects of HSP60 (55).